Data Classification assigns labels to information based on sensitivity and the impact of unauthorized disclosure. Government systems typically use Unclassified, Confidential, Secret, and Top Secret. Commercial organizations might use Public, Internal, Confidential, and Restricted. Classification determines handling requirements, storage controls, and transmission methods.
Effective classification requires clear policies defining categories, criteria for assignment, and procedures for handling each level. Data owners assign classifications, custodians implement protective controls, and all users follow handling procedures appropriate to the classification level.
CISSP Relevance
Domain 2 (Asset Security) covers data classification extensively. Know the difference between government and commercial classification schemes, roles (owner, custodian, user), and how classification drives security controls. Exam questions often present scenarios requiring appropriate classification decisions.
Federal classification guidance is available at ISOO Training Resources.
Related terms: Need to Know, Data Loss Prevention